About Klenovica
For those people who go on vacation to rest, Klenovica is ideal. Located north-west of Senja, a city famous for buri, not so much exposed, but is a quiet place to escape the city hustle and bustle. It is only 15 km from the city known for Nehaj tower, situated in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, no major impact on it has just Lika-Senj županija.Naime Klenovica is one of the few cities that has over the 100 km long, sparsely populated belt of the coast at the foot of the Velebit mountain managed to collect many tourists and has become one of the most visited tourist spots smaller.
Since only 352 inhabitants, Klenovica is packed full of summer. The season pass through thousands and thousands of foreigners, Slovenes, Hungarians, Germans, Czechs, Frenchmen, Poles, Italians, British, Swiss, and even the Swedes. In Klenovica people come primarily from their families in search of peace. With 6 excellent restaurants, 4 bars, 3 shops, petrol station, post office and a very famous camp, Klenovica contains everything you need for a real vacation.
Considering the size of only 4:46 km ² and the fact that gives you all like the palm of your hand, you can safely leave the car in the yard and walk to the beach, shops, or to restorana.Staze along the coast are perfect for evening walks, with beautiful sunsets, quiet waves and the fragrance of the sea.
Previous studies on the origin and development of settlements Klenovica to early 20th century are rather scarce and they are up to today has seriously dealt with. True, some historians and researchers mentioned Klenovica and Žrnovnica in their researches the past of this region. Thus, Stjepan Pavicic in his "Contributions of the unknown history of the town of Senj and its surroundings" mentioned that they had 3 Senj podžupana: one for the borough, one for the area around Stari Grad, a third of the land of the shrimp to Klenovice. This is one of the oldest records, documents, where it mentioned Klenovica, therefore, late 14th century Furthermore, Michael Bolonić in his treatise "jump in and the island of Krk» Klenovica mentioned as a port in which the 1549th he came Uskok leader and captain Paul Lasinović with 300 deserters. Žrnovnica, a hamlet within the village Klenovica also mentioned very early on. Emilij Laszowski in his book "Gorski Kotar and Vinodol" according to the 1455th mentioned under Ledenice mills in Žrnovnici. There is no doubt that this area was settled in Illyrian and Roman times - as pointed out by Dr. Dragutin Pavličević in their research: "From past Krmpota, Klenovice and freezers." Ledeničani had two ports on the sea, Povile and Mala Cara, and they belonged Klenovica with onions and Žrnovnica the mill on underground stream that flows into the sea. Through these ports are imported and exported from the freezer and the surrounding area, and besides, people engaged in fishing along the coast, agriculture ledeničkom in the field, and some plateaus, and cattle in the mountains above Icicle. The aforementioned research by Dr. Dragutin Pavličević mentioned that the mid-16th century among posadamu in the freezer and Senju referred to as natives Butkovići and Cvitkovic, a little later among Ledeničanima and Kalanji or Komadina. Still, Dr. Pavličević emphasizes that the most numerous Klenovica Cvitkovići, probably immigrants from Senja, then natives and Kalanji Komadina and Frković Languages (Žrnovnici) and Miletic, and Tomlin who were at the beginning of the 17th century in the face. According to legend, in the vicinity Otočca (village Switzerland), settled in Klenovica Cvitkovići. Fishing has become their profession. Do these migrations occurred in the 17th century The need for thorough investigations indicate origin population Klenovice customs - Bridal, mesopusni, veselice with tambourine and singing, but especially the speech. Stjepan Pavicic, speaking on Bunjevacs, said the speech Bunjevci Krmpoćana "Ikavian štokavština 's new akcentacijom, as they talked and settlers from the 1605th year, while on the ground near the sea and the old speech čakavski akcentacije. For a population of just Klenovice is characteristic that, although for centuries lived by the sea, surrounded on all sides Čakavian speech saying "Ikavian štokavštinu" and that in that sense a true oasis and an exception to the other residents who live along the coast. Thus, as well as other customs-similarity in the costumes, songs, etc. it is likely that they too shared the fate Bunjenaca-Krmpoćana who have settled here and raseljavali of Zemunik to Face, Like Podgorje and, therefore, on both sides Velebit mountain and the slopes of Velika and Mala Kapela. Life in this region was always mrkotrpan and difficult. Residents Klenovice to 60-years of this century have traditionally engaged in fishing (especially Cvitkovići), sailing, Masonry (Miletic and Kalanji), livestock, because the only way to survive in this area. Top women Primorje going a few kilometers into the mountain, in Branjevina-plantation and there every day in the spring and summer and want teravu wore on his back, hair and getting ready for winter. Klenovica, as well as other places in the coastal region, especially in the difficult days of experiencing the first and between 1 and 2 World War II. Many young girls not yet 15 and 16 years between the wars go on working in the river that under Italian rule since there exists the possibility of employment, and to help parents in the upbringing and care of many families. Between the 1920th and 1940th The many Klenovari-masons-leave to work in Belgrade and Serbia, where he opened a public city, so the need for skilled labor large. Life in the karst climate was even more difficult during the drought and long months. At the end of last century was built tank in the village Kalanji, Godine 1898. The cost of the provincial government in Zagreb. She probably had an advantage because it was on the road New-Senj.
Locals and Cvitkovic Žrnovnica are supplied with water from springs on the seashore, and they are forced to make do and locals Miletic and towers. However, since the tank to Kalanji was often empty and the villagers went to the source Kalanj Žrnovnica, where they were on their backs or on donkeys in wooden vessels-brimenicama bring drinking water. Despite all the economic and social difficulties, Klenovari trying to give the children a minimum of education, and therefore already at the opening of People's classroom at St.. Jacob-Krmpote, 1872. year, enroll their children to attend school there, and that meant a day hike during the wind, rain and sometimes snow over 10 km. It takes more than 55 years, and then the locals Klenovice seek from the competent administrative authorities to allow the opening of school in Klenovica. The decision to open schools in Klenovica issued by the Ministry of Education 8th ožujka 1928th year. Grand opening of school was the 10th rujna 1928th and the first teacher was Novljanin Mato Dor, who was replaced by teacher Michael Vranic 18th ožujka 1931st years and served on the school for 11 years, until the end of the school god.1941./42. Its arrival has continued the struggle to build a new school building, as this contract is 5 years for the training in a private building near the end. Notwithstanding the difficulties, the construction works on the school began the 1933rd The digging of foundations, and in February of 1935th The classes started in the new school building. The school has regularly worked until June 1973. year, although during the war, especially in autumn and winter of 1943-44. year and in spring 1945th year, in the midst of fierce battles and war situation came to the interruption of the regular class. From June 1973. The school bond and junior grades are transported to the home school, Novi Vinodolski, and include the appropriate classes. In the life and development of settlements Klenovice important place belongs to the bay Žrnovnica where along the shore, between the two world wars, was located 9 mills that are operated with the force of water underground. Since the last century in Žrnovnica settled family languages from Novi Vinodolski. They have renewed the old and build new mills that were the only permanent mills in this region, thanks to continuous and rich water resources. After the war, due to changed living conditions and Žrnovnica gets a new significance. In fact, even 1932nd The works began on digging canals for water supply pipeline from Crikvenica Žrnovnica to the length of 16 km. This has opened a new era of tourism in Crikvenica, Selce and Novi V. For 1963rd , as a necessity, implemented the first phase of the entire supply of water from springs Žrnovnica, but with very low capacity of pipelines and a smaller capacity water tank to Miletic, which quickly becomes a bottleneck for the supply of water not only increasing the number of tourists, but also very citizens, residents Klenovice. During the 1984th and 1985. in the course of a big campaign for the definitive solution of the problem of water supply for a place Klenovica, Smokvica still promising sites for shrimp and Sibinj-all within the community then Mijesne Krmpote-Klenovica. Built a new pipeline and three water tanks: Kalanji, Miletic and Smokvica that allow unlimited water supply to villages and Klenovice Smokvice. Start Second World War many Klenovari welcomed mobilized in the infantry and other units stationed in the area of Gorski Kotar, where the war had a schedule. The first gusts of the occupying forces,-the Italians and Germans-have brought panic among the old Yugoslav army units, and already the first day of the war are many, among them Klenovari, leaving the military unit and returned home. The Italians came to this area as its stronghold, captured the bay Žrnovnica (to ensure water supply) and the port Cvitkovic. Thus, the garrison in the freezer and had a foothold Gradina controlled road Novi V-Senj and the coast, and the whole space, primarily doljnjokrmpotski end. Life's difficulties, the struggle for existence and survival was further intensified in conditions of occupation, where they were able to earn very little or no none. Going to sea fishermen were very rigorously controlled because of the constant suspicion of the occupying power to maintain links and contacts with members of the NOP and that they are helping to transport food, medicine and other living conditions after the liberation, regardless of economic difficulties, considerable change, have their impact on the lives of locals in Klenovica. Fishing, which then gave a certain significance, where he employed a large number Klenovara, gradually modernized.
Klenovari builders do not go into the world looking for work can find it in your area.
1957. fishing cooperative "Udarnik" in Klenovica founded his first restaurant in the house of George Cvitkovic. These are the first beginnings of tourism and catering business in Klenovica. The first significant investment in hotels and restaurants in this area were implemented during the 1968th-1970th when it was built "Villa Lostura", but a seasonal establishment "Fisherman's Hut", which was significantly expanded in Klenovica restaurants. A significant contribution to the development of tourism and the tourism industry in the area had Klenovice the establishment of the Tourist Company "Adriatic" in Klenovica. Constituent Assembly of the company held on 11 ožujka 1962nd year. Tourist Association and former board Mijesna in Klenovica carriers were the initiators of action to create conditions for faster development of the tourism economy in this region. The modernization of electric illumination, construction of new substations, public illumination in all villages, sewage wastewater treatment Klenovica gets the contours of modern urban settlements whose time is yet to come. One can rightly say that tourism has transformed this region, raised the standard of living and transform the culture of the people of this region, has opened new perspectives on where the previous 50-odd years ago could not even dream of.
DEVELOPMENT OF FISHERIES IN KLENOVICA
Ever since they settled in Klenovica Cvitkovići, fishing has become their profession. In the past Klenovice, judging by the number smaris (blockhouse, islet, Žrnovnica, Tepli Porat and Povile) tuna fishing was the main method of fishing in this area until the end of World War II, ie up to 50-years of this century. In the blockhouse, Klenovice, Žrnovnica Male Drage and Povile pouring into the sea, large quantities of fresh water from underground streams and rapids of Lika, Gorski Kotar Gacke and so it was an ideal location to accommodate the tuner stagnant. One of the oldest-smaris Klenovica or as a klenovarski fishermen called the islet (the same islet of Sv. Antona), as well as other smaris the Vinodolski channel, is mentioned in the late 17th and early 18th century, was owned Zrinskih at the end of last century it was bought by the municipality administration Krmpote-Freezers and gave the fishermen the right to lease the right to harvest tithing of prey. 1918. becomes the property of Petra Kalanj, and 1929th year, it bought Stjepan Cvitkovic Stipa and his son Roko Cvitkovic. Remembered that in the autumn 1943rd The 4000 pieces of tuna were caught weight of 3-5 kg and 15000 kg of tuna which was considered a record catch. Tuna was salted in the freezer, Birch, and Bribir Zabukovcu and was a great contribution to the diet of the army and the inhabitants of these areas. In 1963rd cease operating smaris-standing in this area. Already in 1929. The occurrence of motor tunolovca circular mesh gillnet meant a major shift in the Adriatic tuna fisheries. For the development of fisheries klenovarskog worth mentioning is the 1910th years ago when Frank returns from America Cvitkovic, stone mason, who with his savings he bought with his brother Ivo called. Mali art (a huge boat-fishing boat, 2 boats svjećarice, network Sandpiper and other small fishing tool). According to tradition, the first klenovarski fishermen went fishing at night using felara wood. Follow all the innovation and introduction of new technology in the catch, especially oily fish. In 1936. supplying network gillnet. It was the most successful and most appropriate network for catching sprats and mackerel. It is known that the network already 1909th The tailored and made known Crikvenica's a businessman and organizer John Skomerža fishing. In the period between the 1912th and 1920. in Klenovica were 13 barracks. Fishermen call was very difficult, especially in the period since 1912. until the liberation of the country 1945th year. Members of the cooperatives' Udarnik "make the first important steps towards the modernization of equipment and purchase 1947th The first motor boat "Jablanac." Subsequent registration gets its name "toadstool."
Shortly thereafter be obtained by another motor boat "Lastovo", later registered as "Oligo". 1956. has an important role in the development and further improvement of fisheries in Klenovica. Then he acquires another, but far stronger and larger fishing boat "Swordfish", previously an Italian fishing boat. Ships to opremljuju sounder that allow the on-screen appearance follows a school of fish, their depth and position. Large boats, nets, depth sounder, aggregates and other rights revolution in the fishery in those years. For klenovarske fishermen opened the possibilities of fishing in the Adriatic Sea. Fishermen's Cooperative "Udarnik" in Klenovica grows into a strong organization with a large and modern ships, well equipped with experienced young fishermen. With time, it acquired all the more powerful ships, including the 1974th acquires a large ship "Osoršćica" and 1977th The "Boat" - faster, safer ships, which are today one of the most successful boats for the catch of fish, not only in the Kvarner region, but on the whole Adriatic. There are more coming out on a fishing trip on the open sea and therefore need a strong boat. Years, then the catch per boat was about 50 cars, which is a very significant success. Fishermen Klenovice awarded the Blue Ribbon "Vijesnik" which was confirmed in 1966. , and assigned to each 10 September on the Day of the Navy and Maritime Affairs, sailors, and crews that were in the one-year period highlight the brave deeds. Fishermen Klenovice she was assigned to the brave rescue podhvate in the Velebit canal at night with the fourth the fifth srpnja 1982nd when he rescued 17 people, and for many actions in rescuing people and property at sea by bad weather. Locality bay Žrnovnica again topical, especially in recent years, not only for the cultivation of mussels and oysters, but primarily for the production of silver salmon, and then in the further development and cultivation of mussels and oysters. With the assistance of the City Government New V., County of Primorje-Gorski Kotar, and the many donors and sponsors in the 13th Klenovica July 1995. The day of St. Margaret, the protector of Klenovice fisherman discovered the sculpture as a token of remembrance and memory of many generations of fishermen and sailors who are your bread and livelihoods for centuries sought to sea.
Jelena Cvitanovic
